An optical module typically consists of an optical transmitter (TOSA, Transmitter Optical Sub-Assembly, containing a laser diode), an optical receiver (ROSA, Receiver Optical Sub-Assembly, containing a photodetector), functional circuits, and optical (electrical) interfaces. As the core optoelectronic devices operating at the Physical Layer of the OSI model, their primary function is to perform electro-optical and photo-electric conversion during signal. The optical module, known as Optical Transceiver in English, is a general term for various module categories, including optical receiver modules, optical transmitter modules, optical transceiver modules, and optical forwarding modules. The working. The optical module serves as a crucial component in optical fiber communication systems, operating at the physical layer, which is the lowest layer in the OSI model. Optical modules typically have an electrical interface on the side that connects to the inside of the system and an optical interface on the side that connects to the outside. Overload optical power, also known as saturated optical power, refers to the maximum average input optical power that can be received by the receiver of an optical module under a certain bit error rate (BER, which is usually 10 -12). Note that the photodetector will have saturated.
