Energy Internet integrates small-scale renewable energy systems, electric loads, storage devices, and electric vehicles for effective transaction of power backed by emerging technologies such as Internet of Things, vehicle-to-grid, and blockchain. Its features, such as plug-and-play mechanism, real-time bidirectional flow of energy, information, and money can lead to significant benefits and innovation in electricity production and. hierarchical ring network autonomy (HRNA) topological generation and evolution mechanism of the Energy Internet is proposed, and the different levels of a Beijing power grid framework are taken as an example to expand and evolve to the Energy Internet. Based on the comparison and analysis of the. First, this paper analyzes the topological features of “hierarchical control, intra-layer partition, interregional interconnection, and regional autonomy” of the Energy Internet.
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